Soil and nutrient losses by runoff from farmlands in Southern Brazil

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30681/rcaa.v19i1.4967

Palavras-chave:

erosão do solo, custo da erosão, redução da fertilidade, plantio direto, conservação do solo, manejo do solo

Resumo

 A erosão acelerada do solo é uma importante causa da sua degradação, levando a perdas de solo e nutrientes, aumentando os custos de produção e causando enormes danos ao ambiente. Nosso objetivo foi quantificar as perdas de solo e nutrientes por escoamento superficial e os custos da erosão em sete propriedades rurais (seis em plantio direto e uma em plantio convencional) no sul do Brasil. As perdas de solo e nutrientes por escoamento superficial foram medidas entre 31 de agosto de 2009 e 19 de novembro de 2010. O custo para reposição, através de fertilizantes minerais, dos nutrientes escoados superficialmente, dentro do período de 
avaliação, também foi quantificado. O total de solo erodido variou de 0,8 a 3,1 t ha-1, com as maiores e menores taxas de erosão ocorrendo, respectivamente, nas propriedades em plantio convencional e plantio direto. O silte e a argila compõem mais de 50% do solo erodido, que também apresentou alta concentração de nutrientes. A concentração de nutrientes no solo escoado superficialmente foi maior do que na camada de 0 a 0,05 m do solo nas propriedades rurais. O custo estimado de fertilizantes para repor os nutrientes disponíveis P, K, Ca, Mg, e S foi de US$ 0,75 por hectare (menor taxa de erosão) e US$ 1,88 por hectare (maior taxa de erosão).

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Publicado

2021-12-10

Edição

Seção

Agronomia

Como Citar

Soil and nutrient losses by runoff from farmlands in Southern Brazil. (2021). Revista De Ciências Agro-Ambientais, 19(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30681/rcaa.v19i1.4967

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