DECLARAÇÃO DE ORIGINALIDADE E DIREITOS AUTORAIS Declaro que o presente artigo é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação em qualquer outro periódico nacional ou internacional, quer seja em parte ou em sua totalidade. Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizados pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY NC ND 4.0) Recomenda-se a leitura desse link para maiores informações sobre o tema: fornecimento de créditos e referências de forma correta, entre outros detalhes cruciais para uso adequado do material licenciado. A obra Revista de Ciências Agroambientais (ISSN 1677-6062) está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons - Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0 Internacional.
The influence of poultry manure extract on okra growth and yield
Okra is important for its nutritional value, economic significance, and adaptability to diverse farming systems. However, low soil fertility in tropical soils results in poor okra yields, and using poultry manure raises environmental concerns. Therefore, exploring poultry manure extract (PME) could be a sustainable practice to ensure good yield. The objective was to determine okra's response to PME. The experiment, conducted in 2022 and 2023 used a 2×6 factorial design involving two okra varieties (NHAe47-4 and LD88) and six fertilizer treatments [0 (Control: T1), 840 L/ha (T2), 1680 L/ha (T3), and 2520 L/ha PME (T4), 60 kg N/ha poultry manure (T5), and 60 kg N/ha NPK 15:15:15 (T6)]. A randomized complete block design with six replicates and plant spacing of 50×30 cm was used. Growth and yield data were analyzed using ANOVA. Results indicated NHAe47-4 had significantly lower height, pod length, and fruit yield, but higher stem diameter, number of leaves, and leaf area, compared to LD88. Applying T4 treatment significantly increased the growth and yield of okra compared to lower levels and control, although T5 and T6 were better. In 2022 and 2023, fresh shoot weights were highest in NHAe47-4×T6 (5151.07 and 5080.56 kg/ha), and fruit yields in LD88×T6 (45408.34 and 45617.60 kg/ha), while NHAe47-4×T4 had 3554.17 and 3527.78 kg/ha, and LD88×T4 had 27269.91 and 27327.78 kg/ha, respectively. Though T6 and T5 optimize the vegetative and reproductive performances in okra, applying 2520 L/ha of poultry manure extract was considered an environmentally friendly alternative for sustainable LD88 okra production.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tajudeen Akinrinola, Benjamin Ojochegbe Idakwoji, Moriam Iyabode Oloyede http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Lipolytic potential of seeds of Bactris gasipaes Kunth
Lipolytic enzymes of plant origin have been attracting increasing interest due to their potential to replace synthetic catalysts in industrial processes, offering more sustainable and economical alternatives. However, the search for new natural sources of lipases is still limited, especially among native Amazonian species. In this context, Bactris gasipaes Kunth (peach palm) emerges as a promising plant, since its seeds, although generally discarded, have a composition rich in lipids and proteins that can act as a substrate for enzymes of biotechnological interest. Thus, this work aimed to investigate the presence and characterize the physicochemical properties of lipases present in the seeds of B. gasipaes, contributing to expanding knowledge about potential Amazonian plant enzyme sources. The study involved obtaining crude extracts from mature seeds of B. gasipaes collected in the municipality of Cametá (PA). After grinding and extraction in a specific buffer, lipase activity was evaluated by titration of fatty acids released from the hydrolysis of olive oil under different pH (4.0–8.8) and temperature (37–60°C) conditions. Activity was expressed in enzyme units per milliliter (U/mL). The results demonstrated significant lipolytic activity, with performance superior to that reported for other plant lipases. The optimum pH was identified at 4.5, and the optimum temperature at 40°C, reaching 130 U/mL of activity. The enzymes showed partial stability in more alkaline ranges, suggesting the presence of isoenzymes. This adaptation to acidic pH is especially interesting for applications in transesterification processes of waste oils with high acidity, such as in biodiesel production. The observed catalytic efficiency exceeds values found in microbial lipases (5–16 U/mL), indicating biotechnological potential. It is concluded that the seeds of B. gasipaes represent a novel and promising source of plant lipases with high yield and low production cost. Their physicochemical characteristics, combined with the wide availability of the species in the Amazon, reinforce their potential for application in sustainable industrial processes, especially in the energy and food sectors. This study contributes to filling a scientific gap regarding enzymes of Amazonian plant origin, highlighting the importance of exploring regional biological resources in the search for efficient and environmentally compatible biocatalysts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Diogo Melo Batista, Everton Vanzeler Pastana, Isabela Ewelyn Barra Viana, Jakeline dos Santos, Ketharine Caroline Borges Assunção, João da Silva Carneiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Effect of Monthly Seasonality on Fruit Bunch Characters in Açaí Progenies
Worldwide there has been an increase in the consumption of açai pulp, requiring research to generate new cultivars to meet this demand. However, the seasonal behavior of the species is little publicized and the number of progenies in the research makes it difficult to interpret the results in graphic analysis, so the objective of this work was to combine multivariate analysis, with grouping by dendrogram for later AMMI analysis in the different months, to understand the behavior of 76 açai progenies during the year. The progenies were installed in a randomized block design with two replications and five plants per plot. The evaluated characteristics were: FL - Bunch in floration, FV – Green bunch in formation and; TM - cluster size. The conclusions were that the combination between grouping by dendrogram and AMMI graphical analysis is efficient and important in a large number of progenies; there is genetic variability due to the evident distinct individual contributions to the GxA interaction and environmental effects, important for genetic improvement; the progenies with greater prominence in the two AMMI models were P29, P7, P51, P52 and P5, adding the progenies P8, P49 and P61 by the dendrogram; the most suitable period for identifying the best progenies is the final half of the rainy season and the initial half of the dry season.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gilberto Ken Iti Yokomizo, Dr. Francisco de Oliveira Cruz Júnior, Dr. Kuang Hongyu, Dr. João Tomé de Farias Neto http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Control of soybean anthracnosis with potassium leaf applicattion
The maintenance of the plants' productive potential could be guaranteed through disease management. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate a foliar application of potassium in reducing the severity of soybean anthracnose. Two potassium sources were evaluated: Potassium Silicate and Potassium Chloride, and five doses, in two soybean cultivars (M6410 IPRO; NS6700 IPRO). Two sources of Potassium were evaluated: K2SiO3 (Quimifol Silicon 131 g.L-1 of K2O) and Potassium Chloride (KCl P.A. 99.5%) at doses 0; 1.31; 2.62 1; 5.24; 10.48 g L-1 in K2O equivalent. Phytotoxicity was evaluated at seven days after inoculation, severity on a grading scale at 7 and 12 days after inoculation and an area of disease at 12 days. The phytotoxicity and severity score variables were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn 5% analysis and a variable area of the disease was submitted to ANOVA. Thus, for significant hospitalization among those adopted, polynomial regression equations were adjusted for each K source applied to each cultivar. The use of K2O, having potassium silicate and potassium chloride as sources, informed via the leaves, induces the severity of anthracnose in soybean cultivars, however, high doses of phytotoxicity in the plants.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rogério Romero da Silveira, Vittor Gomes Cavalcanti, Felipe André Sganzerla Graichen http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Soil attributes in areas cultivated with grapevines on the northern plateau of Santa Catarina State
The aim of this study was to survey the variability of soil attributes cultivated with vines in the northern plateau of Santa Catarina. Soils were sampled from the vineyards of 20 rproducers in the municipalities of Bela Vista do Toldo, Canoinhas, Campo Alegre, São Bento do Sul, Rio Negrinho, Porto União, Irineópolis, Itaiópolis, Mafra, Papanduva, Monte Castelo and Major Vieira. In June 2021, the soils were sampled in the 0 to 20 and 20 to 40 cm depth layers. The data was analyzed using classic descriptive statistics, using the mean, and graphs were generated to present the data obtained. The soils used to grow grapes in the region predominantly have clay contents of between 41-60%, medium (0-20 cm) and very low (20-40 cm) pH, medium levels of organic matter, low and very low levels of phosphorus, high and very high levels of potassium, and high levels of calcium and magnesium. In addition, there were medium and high levels of CEC, very low (0-20 cm) and high (20-40 cm) levels of soil aluminum saturation, and medium (0-20 cm) and very low (20-40 cm) values for base saturation. It is recommended that farmers in the region carry out an annual soil analysis in order to adjust the supply of nutrients needed for the vine crop, avoiding excessive fertilization, which could compromise the environmental and economic sustainability of the vineyard.
Viticulture; soil fertility, soil physics, soil chemistry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Douglas Würz, Alcemir Nabir Kowal, Jefferson Schick http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Environmental vulnerability mapping of the Mágoè National Park buffer zone
This study aimed to map anthropogenic environmental vulnerability in the Mágoè National Park (PNM) buffer zone, Tete Province, Mozambique, using geospatial techniques and fuzzy logic. Anthropogenic variables, including built-up areas, agricultural land, pastures, and exposed soils, were identified and analyzed. Euclidean distance maps for each variable were generated using GRASS GIS, followed by a fuzzification process to assign membership degrees ranging from 0 to 1. A gamma fuzzy operator (γ = 0.6) was applied to model the integrated vulnerability. The results reveal a predominance of high anthropogenic vulnerability, affecting approximately 37.40% of the study area, while medium vulnerability accounts for 32.84%, and very low vulnerability covers only 0.8%. The findings align with previous research indicating intense anthropogenic pressures on conservation areas. The study underscores the urgency of implementing strategic measures for sustainable management and conservation of the PNM buffer zone, balancing ecological preservation with the needs of local communities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Geraldo Felix Pita Duarte http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Produtividade de milho inoculado com Azospirillum brasilense e diferentes doses de nitrogênio
O milho é um dos cereais que mais se cultiva no Brasil e no mundo, possui alto potencial produtivo, o grande problema da cultura são as fontes nitrogenadas que são usadas na cultura. Logo se pensando no futuro e procurando uma forma de não poluir o meio ambiente, procurando fontes renováveis de nitrogênio que ajam de maneira harmoniosa entre solo, planta e atmosfera tem se feito muitos testes com as bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio na cultura do milho, as bactéria inoculadas nas sementes de milho se localizariam na rizosfera planta se alimentando de exsudatos liberado pela gramínea, em contra partida as bactérias diazotróficas fixariam N2 da atmosfera deixando acessível para a cultura do milho. Com intuito de avaliar a interferência das bactérias Diazotróficas na produtividade da cultura do milho foi escolhido a estirpe Azospirillum brasilense que segundo relatos na literatura, se adapta bem a situação edafoclimáticas da região. As bactérias foram inoculadas no ato da semeadura as quais foram associadas a cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 Kg por ha) no estádio vegetativo V4 e V6, o experimento foi feito em parcelas subdivididas, com seis repetições totalizando três blocos, no esquema fatorial. Houve interação de altura de planta em apenas uma avaliação, altura de inserção de espiga, número de fileiras por espiga e número de grãos por espiga, não interferindo no tamanho de espiga, espessura de colmo, número de folhas por planta, massa seca, massa fresca, massa de mil grãos e produtividade. As doses crescentes de nitrogênio aumentaram significativamente a produtividade até a dose de 200 Kg de nitrogênio por hectare.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lucas Pereira Scheidt Feltz, Milena Santos de Oliveira, Dr. André Luiz Oliveira de Francisco http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evolução da produtividade do café na fazenda Santo Antônio no município de Piumhi-MG
Este artigo apresenta uma análise da evolução da produtividade do café na Fazenda Santo Antônio, localizada no município de Piumhi-MG, no período de 2014 a 2023, no intuito de identificar os fatores que contribuíram para a produção inconstante ao longo desses dez anos. Foram analisados dados de produção, produtividade, índice pluviométrico e área plantada, os quais indicaram que a bienalidade, que é um fator natural que ocorre no cafeeiro, foi o principal fator que influenciou a variação da produtividade. Constatou-se também que a pluviosidade, isoladamente, não influenciou o rendimento da lavoura. Concluiu-se que a produtividade na fazenda, no período analisado, apresentou-se, na maioria dos anos, acima das médias nacional e estadual, o que pode ser explicado pela implementação de técnicas de manejo mais eficientes, investimento em tecnologia agrícola e práticas sustentáveis que aumentaram a eficiência na produção, sendo que a interação entre os fatores climáticos e fisiológicos, como a bienalidade, foi determinante para explicar as flutuações na produção de café na fazenda analisada.
Copyright (c) 2025 Cassia Angelo Alves, Laene Mendes dos Santos, Kátia Daniela Ribeiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
PANCs que consumimos no cotidiano: o que podemos considerar “convencional”?
O termo PANC – Planta Alimentícia Não Convencional, pouco conhecido a algum tempo atrás, atualmente encontra-se difundida tanto entre a comunidade científica quanto a comunidade em geral. Parte disso deve-se ao aumento no interesse da ciência aliado ao seu potencial uso para fins alimentícios. Uma curiosa constatação é a determinação de PANC àquelas plantas que normalmente não são comercializadas e/ou utilizadas em larga escala pela população. Até que ponto uma planta pode ser considerada convencional ou não foi a questão que motivou o desenvolvimento deste estudo. Para tanto, foi utilizado um levantamento realizado na Flona de Três Barras – SC, sendo selecionadas nove plantas consideradas como PANCs mas que na região são amplamente consumidas e comercializadas. Desta forma, são apresentadas algumas considerações acerca de cada espécie, buscando aventar sobre sua natureza alimentícia como convencional, embora classificada como Panc. Os resultados não buscam questionar as atuais classificações, mas sim levantar uma discussão sobre o tema, uma vez que definições dentro da ciência não são imutáveis e podem ser modificadas ou adaptadas conforme o contexto ou área de abrangência.
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniele Kuchnir Kostulski, Rogério Antonio Krupek http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Avaliação do perfil físico-químico de sucos de uvas elaborados no Planalto Norte Catarinense na safra 2023
Tem-se como objetivo deste estudo caracterizar a composição físico-química de amostras de sucos de uva produzidos na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense na safra de 2023, contribuindo para o fortalecimento da viticultura local e a valorização de seus produtos. O presente trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Fruticultura do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, com amostras de sucos de uva da safra 2023. Coletou-se onze amostras de sucos de uva elaborados nos municípios de Canoinhas, Mafra, Monte Castelo e Porto União. Avaliou-se: sólidos solúveis, acidez total, pH, densidade relativa, grau glucométrico, intensidade de cor, tonalidade de cor e polifenóis totais. Observou-se valores médios de 108,8 meq L-1 para acidez total, 1,052 para densidade relativa, 13,3 ºBrix para sólidos solúveis, 3,40 para a variável pH, 14,33 para a intensidade de cor, 0,715 para a tonalidade de cor e polifenóis totais apresentaram valores médios de 1855,9 mg L-1 de ácido gálico. Verifica-se a evolução qualitativa das amostras, no entanto destaca-se que apenas cinco das onze amostras alcançaram a mínimo estabelecida pela legislação brasileira para a variável sólidos solúveis, o que pode estar diretamente relacionado a maturação da uva, e do método de elaboração dos sucos de uva.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kelly Eduarda Demetrio, Caroline de Souza Wisniewski, Otávio Frederico Tschoeke Steidel, Rodrigo Palinguer, Eduardo Virmond de Souza Farias, Douglas Würz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Rendimento de genótipos de inhame-cará (Dioscorea spp.) no Planalto Norte Catarinense, Brasil
O inhame-cará ou cará (Dioscorea spp.), como é conhecido em grande parte do Brasil (regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste), é chamado somente de inhame nas regiões Nordeste e Norte do Brasil. Independente do nome regional, é nas regiões Nordeste e Norte onde apresenta maior importância alimentar, econômica e cultural devido à sua rusticidade, resiliência e tolerância ao calor e à seca. Mas devido sua adaptabilidade a diferentes condições edafoclimáticas, possui potencial também para o cultivo em outras regiões. São poucos os trabalhos caracterizando o potencial produtivo de genótipos de cará em diferentes regiões do país, principalmente na região Sul, onde não há relatos de estudos semelhantes, e a cultura é ainda pouco conhecida. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o potencial produtivo de acessos de inhame-cará na região do Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina. Foram avaliados cinco genótipos de inhame-cará: Flórida, Mimoso, Pezão, Branco Talo Roxo e Roxo 1. Estes foram plantados a campo, em Canoinhas-SC, nas safras de 2021/2022, 2022/2023 e 2023/2024. Foi realizada avaliação do rendimento de túberas dos genótipos e os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e de agrupamento de médias. Observou-se que, em geral, considerando as três safras de cultivo, o inhame-cará Mimoso foi o genótipo com maior rendimento de túberas, com produtividade variando de 34,66 a 68,42 t ha-1. Branco Talo Roxo e Roxo 1 foram menos produtivos, enquanto que Flórida e Pezão apresentaram produtividade intermediária. Houve grande variação no número de túberas por hectare; mas, em geral, Flórida e Roxo 1 apresentaram maiores números de túberas que os demais genótipos na maioria das safras. Quanto à massa média de túberas, Mimoso e Pezão produziram túberas com valores médios das três safras acima de 1 kg, Flórida e Branco Talo Roxo apresentaram túberas em geral com peso intermediário, e Roxo 1 em geral túberas com menor massa média. Os rendimentos obtidos nestes experimentos, com média geral de 41,27 t ha-1, indicam grande potencial desta cultura e para o cultivo desses genótipos na região do Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovani Olegario da Silva, Nuno Rodrigo Madeira, Antonio César Bortoletto, Nelson Pires Feldberg, Geovani Bernardo Amaro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Entomopathogenic fungi in passion fruit pests: A review and preliminary report of Fusarium sp. on Agraulis vanillae
Agraulis vanillae Linnaeus, 1758, and Dione juno Cramer, 1779 (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) are recognized as significant pest insects in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis – Passifloraceae) cultivation, causing substantial economic losses to farmers. Despite their agricultural relevance, there is still a noticeable scarcity of scientific records documenting fungal diseases that could affect these species. This lack of information hinders the development of effective and sustainable pest control strategies, which are highly necessary for reducing pesticide dependency. To address this knowledge gap, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify evidence and descriptions of infections or mortality caused by fungal pathogens in A. vanillae and D. juno. As part of this research, larvae of A. vanillae infected with a fungal pathogen belonging to the genus Fusarium (Fungi: Hypocreales: Nectriaceae) were collected in Vera Cruz, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The taxonomic characteristics and cultivation conditions of this fungal isolate are thoroughly detailed in this study. This discovery holds significant potential for agricultural applications, offering an alternative to chemical pesticides in the management of passion fruit pests. However, further experimental studies are essential to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy and practical applicability of Fusarium sp. under field conditions. This work expands knowledge on fungal pathogens of agricultural pests and emphasizes their role in integrated pest management systems.
Copyright (c) 2025 Guilherme Mueller, Cassiane Furlan Lopes; Kamille Rodrigues Ferraz; Fernando Augusto Bertazzo da Silva, Andreas Köhler, Jair Putzke http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
African scarlet garden egg performance and soil microbial population as affected by muriate of potash application
IIntensifying land use for garden egg cultivation to meet the nutritional needs of the increasing population resulted in crop yield decline over time when nutrients removed through crop harvest and erosion are not replenished. In resolving deficiencies such as K in the soil, there is a shortage of information on their effect on associated soil microbial changes. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of muriate of potash (MOP) on garden egg growth and changes in microbial population. Using 10 kg soil in a repeated screenhouse experiment, MOP at 0, 15, 30, and 45 kg K2O ha-1 were evaluated in a completely randomised design with four replicates. Data collected on growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software version 9.0. The significantly different means were separated using LSD at p<0,05 probability level. Plant height, number of leaves, and leaf area were similar among treatments during the first and second plantings, but the values were optimum at 25 and 30 kg K2O ha-1 of MOP, respectively. The dry shoot weight differed significantly among the treatments and ranged from 70,13 to 81,63 and 84,61 to 253,85 g plant-1 with the optimum values at 14.53 and 16.60 kg K2O ha-1 of MOP during the first and second plantings, respectively. However, the fruit yields were significantly different among the treatments with the optimum yields observed at 30.81 and 23.05 kg K2O ha-1 of MOP in the first and second plantings, while 15 and 45 kg K2O ha-1 treatments had similar yields during both plantings. The negative regression curves equations indicated that a higher K application of 45 kg K2O ha-1, garden eggs' dry shoot weight and fruit yield decreased. During the two plantings, the garden egg plants encouraged bacterial and fungal colonies more than those observed before planting. Bacterial and fungal colonies were optimal at 25.29 and 26.75, and 33.85 and 23.25 kg K2O ha-1 with significantly high R2 values during the first and second plantings, respectively. Due to environmetal cost, applying MOP at 25 kg K2O ha-1 was considered most appropriate for optimum garden egg yield
Copyright (c) 2025 Tajudeen Akinrinola, Olufunto Taiwo Adedokun, Adewale Mubo Omogoye, Olajire Fagbola http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Morphometric characterization and evaluation of land use and occupation in the Sepotuba River basin – Mato Grosso
Water is the main element for maintaining life on the planet, changes in the hydrological cycle, as well as poor management of river basins can condition different scenarios regarding the availability of water resources. That said, this work aims to delimit the Sepotuba River Basin, carry out the morphometric characterization of the basin and evaluate changes in land use and occupation using MapBiomas collection 8. The characterization of the river basin was carried out using the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), extracted from the Shutter Radar Terrain Mission (SRTM), using geoprocessing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). To evaluate changes in land use and occupation, the images were acquired via Google Earth Engine (GEE), referring to collection 8 of MapBiomas, for the years 1987 to 2022. All analyzes were carried out using QGIS 3.18.0 software – Zurich and R software. The Sepotuba River basin (BHRS) has a total area of ​​9,853.9 km², with a perimeter of 1,298.8 km. The elevation range is 620 m. The basin is dynamic as elongated and not prone to flooding, the intervals by the Shape Factor of 0.23, Circularity Index 0.07, I-Pai-Wu Shape Factor (F) 1.83 and Compactness Coefficient 3 .66. The BHRS is conditioned by specific changes in forest formation for agricultural activities, in addition, other activities have gained space within the limits of the basin, thus characterizing changes in the natural conditions of the environment. Within the relief characteristics, the BHRS presented little slope within its geographic limits.
Copyright (c) 2025 Moisés Damasceno Souza, Rivanildo Dallacort, Vanessa Rakel de Moraes Dias, William Fenner, Lucas Santiago Lima, Willian Pacheco Frasson, Marco Antônio Camillo De Carvalho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Low-molecular-weight organic acids in soils: a review
This review was intended to discuss the origin, dynamic, and effects of low molecular mass organic acids and their roles in soils and ecosystems. The main sources of these acids in soils are plant residues, root exudates, and microbial metabolites. The concentrations of both individual organic acids and their sum in soil solutions decreases by one-three orders of magnitude as compared with the concentrations in the main sources, even in the organic horizons. This drastic decrease is due to processes such as sorption and biodegradation, their migration downward the profile, and dilution effects. The lifespan of organic acids can vary significantly, ranging from seconds to hours. Those with shorter carbon chains are very rapidly decomposed in the upper horizons. In this review are discussed several important functions of low molecular mass organic acids in soils, including their involvement in the global carbon cycle, mineral weathering, aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) mobilization and translocation, Fe and phosphorus (P) compounds mobilization in the soils deficient in these nutrients, and detoxification of soils with increased contents of Al and pollutants in soil solutions. Researches indicate that these acids can have both positive and negative effects on plants in Brazilian soils, depending on their concentrations. It is evident that information on the concentration and types of organic acids in tropical soils remains limited. Additionally, there is a lack of standardized methodologies for sample collection and quantification analysis necessary for conclusive studies on this topic.
Marcio Vinicius de Carvalho Barros Corte
Copyright (c) 2025 Anna Cristina Lanna, Pedro Marques da Silveira, Tatiana Maris Ferraresi, Marcio Vinicius de Carvalho Barros Cortes http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Evaluation of tropicalized carrot lines using partial diallel
Carrot is one of the main vegetables grown in Brazil, and the seed market for this crop requires the continuous development of news cultivars with high agronomic potential. In this context, hybrid carrot cultivars stand out, as they have high-quality roots and excellent yield potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability between different summer carrot lines for production components, tolerance to leaf blight, and to identify the most promising lines. Crosses were performed in a partial diallel scheme 7x3, using seven male-sterile lines of Asian origin and three male-fertile parents of tropical origin, from the breeding program at Embrapa Vegetables. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Embrapa Vegetables, Brasília-DF, Brazil, during the 2020/21, 2021/22, and 2022/23 harvest. The experimental plot consisted of a seedbed with 1.2 m2, in RCBD ant three replications. The 21 hybrids were evaluated for tolerance to leaf blight (LB) at 90 days after sowing, and for total (TY), commercial (MY), and uncommercial (UY) root mass, and the number of marketable roots (NMR) and unmarketable roots (NUR) at 100 days after sowing. Analysis of variance and estimates of the effects of GCA and SCA were performed. GCA effects predominated over SCA for most production component traits, although SCA effects were also important, especially for controlling the expression of the LB trait. There were significant differences for the interaction between crosses x harvest of evaluation and GCA and SCA components x harvests. It was possible to select the lines A5, A7 (male-sterile), and C1 (male-fertile) as the most promising parents for the composition of summer carrot hybrids.
Daucus carota L.; híbridos, seleção; combinação.
Copyright (c) 2025 Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de Carvalho, Giovani Olegário da Silva http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Desempenho de genótipos de abóboras, morangas e híbridos tetsukabuto para produtividade, dimensões e aparência de frutos
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar genótipos de abóboras, morangas e híbridos do tipo Tetsukabuto para produtividade, peso, dimensões e aparência de frutos em Canoinhas, na região do Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina. Foram avaliados seis genótipos de abóboras (C. moschata), três genótipos de morangas (C. maxima) e dois híbridos do tipo Tetsukabuto em um experimento instalado em Canoinhas–SC com delineamento em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições. Os frutos foram colhidos maduros e avaliados quanto ao formato, aparência e produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias agrupadas por meio do teste Scott-Knott. Os resultados das avaliações indicaram que a moranga Exposição foi o genótipo mais produtivo deste estudo, com peso de frutos dentro dos padrões desejáveis para este tipo de moranga. A moranga Exposição foi o genótipo mais produtivo deste estudo, e com peso de frutos dentro dos padrões desejáveis para este tipo de moranga. Os genótipos BRS Esperança, Goianinha, BRS Graciosa, MAM 2530, BRS Celebração e Tetsukabuto foram superiores aos demais genótipos dentro de seus grupos de classificação, agregando maiores produtividades e frutos dentro dos padrões exigidos pelo mercado quanto a aparência, peso e dimensões de frutos.
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovani Olegario da Silva, Dr. Geovani Bernardo Amaro, Antonio César Bortoletto, Nelson Pires Feldberg http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Desenvolvimento inicial e qualidade de mudas de Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Vell) Mattos conduzidas em diferentes substratos e recipientes
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes substratos e tipos de recipientes sobre o desenvolvimento inicial e a qualidade de mudas de Handroantthus heptaphyllus. Para tanto, o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com esquema fatorial 3 x 3, onde foram testados três recipientes (Tubete, TNT e Saco plástico) e três formulações de substratos (100 % Maxfértil®, 75% Maxfértil® + 25% Pindstrup® e 50% Maxfértil® + 50% Pindstrup®) com 4 repetições (5 plantas/repetição). As avaliações realizadas foram de emergência aos 30 dias após a semeadura, aos 60, 90 e 96 dias foram avaliados os parâmetros morfológicos de: altura (H), diâmetro do coleto (DC), número de folhas (NF), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca do sistema radicular (MSR), quociente de robustez (H/DC) e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Também, foi realizada a avaliação das mudas que apresentavam uma lesão úmida na região do caule, sendo retiradas da condução do experimento para averiguação de qual o agente causador. Somente aos 30 dias após a semeadura observou-se baixa emergência de plântulas e as mudas nos recipientes de TNT apresentaram lesão úmida na região do colo, após o isolamento, observou-se uma colônia de fungo Fusarium spp. Em relação altura, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea e sistema radicular, quociente de robustez e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson não houve interação significativa entre eles sendo que a massa seca do sistema radicular apresentou diferença significativa quando usando o saco plástico. Para o diâmetro do coleto houve interação significativa entre os fatores avaliados, mostrando que o melhor desenvolvimento das mudas ocorreu no saco plástico com a mistura dos substratos (50% Maxfértil® + 50% Pindstrup®).
Copyright (c) 2025 Letícia Welter, Tatiane Chassot, Maicon Freiberger http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Produção do mangarito (Xanthosoma riedelianum) no Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina: fatores que afetam a produtividade
O mangarito (Xanthosoma riedelianum Schott) é pouco conhecido em nível mundial, mas com grande potencial, visto suas características nutricionais e culinárias com destaque na gastronomia. Estudos com a cultura são ainda incipientes, demandando informações de manejo que promovam o aumento da produtividade e qualidade comercial, que em geral são muito baixas. Deste modo, objetivou-se caracterizar o potencial produtivo da cultura do mangarito no Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina, determinando o efeito do tamanho dos rizomas-semente, da época de plantio, e do adensamento do plantio no vigor das plantas e na produtividade. Foram realizados três experimentos, o primeiro em bandejas em casa de vegetação, onde foi avaliado o efeito de três tamanhos de rizomas-semente, pequenos (2 a 4 g), médios (>4 a 6 g) e grandes (>6 a 8 g), no número e vigor de plantas brotadas. O segundo foi conduzido a campo avaliando o efeito do plantio em três épocas distintas, agosto, dezembro e fevereiro, no rendimento e tamanho médio dos rizomas produzidos. E o terceiro, também a campo, avaliou o efeito do plantio em duas épocas, agosto e dezembro, e com duas densidades de plantio, mais adensado (0,20 m x 0,125 m), e menos adensado (0,50 m x 0,50 m), nestas mesmas características. Observou-se que rizomas-semente de tamanho médio e grandes proporcionaram maior brotação e maior vigor das plantas cultivadas em casa de vegetação, sendo superiores aos rizomas pequenos. Na comparação do plantio nas três épocas, o plantio no mês de dezembro foi a melhor opção, por proporcionar maior massa média de rizomas comerciais quando comparado ao plantio no mês de agosto, e maior rendimento de rizomas comerciais em relação ao plantio realizado no mês de fevereiro. Quanto ao efeito do adensamento das plantas nas duas épocas de plantio, foi obtido maior número e produção de rizomas comerciais no plantio mais adensado, e na época mais tardia, em dezembro. A massa média de rizomas comerciais também foi maior na época mais tardia, porém com menor densidade de plantas. No entanto, a produção quanto ao número de rizomas foi maior no plantio mais adensado, ainda que com 1 g a menos de massa média, chegando a rendimentos elevados de até 45,52 t ha-1, indicando grande potencial para a cultura na região do Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina.
Plantas alimentícias não convensionais-PANC
Copyright (c) 2025 Giovani Olegario da Silva, Nuno Rodrigo Madeira, Antonio César Bortoletto, Nelson Pires Feldberg, Geovani Bernardo Amaro, Thiago de Oliveira Vargas http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Shoot topping times and their effect on the vegetative-productive balance and ripening of the 'Sauvignon Blanc' grapevine grown in the high-altitude region of Santa Catarina
Shoot topping is a method of controlling vegetative growth to achieve a better vegetative-productive balance. However, there is little information on the timing of removal in vineyards with a history of excessive vegetative growth. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of shoot topping at different phenological stages on the vegetative-productive balance and ripeness of the 'Sauvignon Blanc' grapevine grown in the high-altitude region of Santa Catarina. The work was carried out during the 2016/2017 growing season in a commercial vineyard located in the municipality of São Joaquim – SC. The treatments consisted of removing approximately 50 cm of the apical portion of the branches at the phenological stages: plants without removal, separate inflorescence, full bloom, pea berry and veráison. The following were evaluated: production, yield, pruning weight, Ravaz index, branch length, branch diameter, internode distance, soluble solids, total acidity and pH. The variables were analyzed using Tukey's test at a 5% probability of error. The management of shoot topping influences the variables related to production indices, vegetative growth and vegetative-productive balance. When carried out in the phenological stages of separate inflorescence, full bloom and veráison, there was an increase in production and productivity, as well as resulting in a Ravaz Index closer to the values considered appropriate for grapevine cultivation. It should be noted that plants that were not subjected to pruning had longer branches. Shoot topping did not influence technological ripeness
Copyright (c) 2025 Douglas Würz, Bruno Bonin, Alberto Brighenti, Leo Rufato http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Late additional application of nitrogen in common bean genotypes affecting grain yield and qualityd quality
Despite numerous studies conducted in Brazil on nitrogen fertilization in common bean, there are still many questions about the doses and timing of nitrogen (N) application in the crop, mainly regarding late nutrient application and its effect on grain yield and quality. This study aimed to quantify the effect of late additional N application on grain yield and their components, and on grain quality of common bean, irrigated by a central pivot in a no-tillage system. The experimental design was a split-plot, with five replications. The treatments consisted of the combination of four N managements, involving doses and application stages (Management 1: 70 kg ha-1 of N (V3) + 50 N (V4), Management 2: 70 N (V3) + 50 N ( V4) + 50 N (R6), Management 3: 70 N (V3) + 50 N (R6), and Management 4: 70 N (V3) + 50 N (V4) + 50 N (R7)), with seven common bean cultivars/lines (1. BRS ELO FC423, 2. BRS FC104, 3. BRS FC409, 4. BRS FC416, 5. CNFC 16484, 6. CNFC487, and 7. CNFC 16729. The CNFC 16484 and CNFC 16497 lines and the BRS FC 416 cultivar were the most productive ones. The late additional N application contributed to increasing pods per plant and also improved grain quality, evidenced by the higher percentage of grains retained in Sieve 12 and the higher N content in the grains, which means higher protein content.
Copyright (c) 2025 Augusto César de Oliveira Gonzaga, Pedro Marques da Silveira, Luis Fernando Stone, Adriano Stephan Nascente, Maria da Conceição Santana Carvalho http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Aspectos relativos à produtividade de genótipos de inhame (Colocasia esculenta L.) no Planalto Norte Catarinense
Muito embora o inhame (Colocasia esculenta L.) seja amplamente cultivado no Brasil devido à sua adaptação, rusticidade e importância nutricional, são raros os estudos comparando o potencial produtivo de genótipos desta espécie, havendo poucas cultivares registradas, e também faltam informações técnicas e pesquisas no país para proporcionar maior desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva. Deste modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o potencial produtivo, bem como determinar o efeito do retardamento da colheita até a safra seguinte, do tamanho dos rizomas sementes e do adensamento de plantio de acessos de inhame no Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina. Foram avaliados sete genótipos de inhame pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Inhame Colocasia da Embrapa Hortaliças: Taiá PR, Taiá Can, Colônia 1, Colônia 2, Colônia 3, São Bento e Rochom. Os dois últimos são tradicionalmente cultivados no país. Os genótipos foram plantados a campo, em Canoinhas-SC, nas safras de 2021/2022, 2022/2023 e 2023/2024. Foi realizada comparação do rendimento de rizomas de todos os genótipos; avaliado o efeito do retardamento da colheita destes de uma safra para outra; do plantio de rizomas sementes de três tamanhos (pequeno, médio e grande) para o genótipo Colônia 3; e do espaçamento normal de 0,50 m, e mais adensado com 0,33 m entre plantas para os genótipos São Bento e Rochom. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e de agrupamento de médias por Scott & Knott. Observou-se que em geral os genótipos foram instáveis quanto à produtividade nas diferentes safras, porém, o acesso Colônia 3 apresentou produtividade, próxima ou acima de 30 t ha-1 em todas as safras, e bem acima da média nacional que é de 21,53 t ha-1, indicando que o mesmo possui grande potencial produtivo e, portanto, potencial para ser recomendado para o cultivo na região do Planalto Norte de Santa Catarina. É possível, nas condições de cultivo dessa região, manter as plantas de inhame a campo, de uma safra para a outra, rebrotando depois do inverno, com aumento proporcional em rendimento, principalmente em relação ao número de rizomas. A utilização de rizomas sementes maiores, com aproximadamente 100 g, proporciona produtividades elevadas e mais estáveis para o genótipo Colônia 3, comparativamente a propágulos menores, com 50 ou 25 g. Não há efeito significativo no adensamento de plantio de 0,50 m para 0,33 m entre plantas dos genótipos São Bento e Rochom.
Productive Performance of Soybean (Glycine max) Using Lactofen as a Growth Regulator.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance and productivity of soybean (Glycine max) using Lactofen as a growth regulator at different doses and phenological stages. The experiment was conducted at the Unifil School Farm in Londrina, Paraná, during the 2018/2019 growing season. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with five replications. The treatments consisted of three doses of the herbicide Lactofen: 0, 120, and 240 g L-1 a.i., and two phenological stages: V5 and V8. Plots were 5.0 m long and 5.0 m wide, totaling 25.0 m2. Plant height, number of nodes, number of grains per pod, number of pods, weight of 1,000 grains, and yield in kg ha-1 were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability of error. The doses of Lactofen 0, 120, and 240 g L-1 a.i. had little impact on soybean's productive components, showing no significant differences. The dose of 240 g L-1 a.i. applied at V8 resulted in higher productivity compared to the other treatments.
Copyright (c) 2024 Luiz Henrique Campos de Almeida, Igor Sigari Lobato, Paula Pinheiro Sanches de Almeida, Gustavo Adolfo de Freitas Fregonezi http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Uso e ocupação da terra na bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Frutal de 1990 até 2020
The objective of this work was to identify and quantify land use in the Frutal river basin located in the State of Minas Gerais, with a total area of 127.44 km², in the years 1990, 2005 and 2020. LANDSAT satellite images were used with spatial resolution of 30 m, in which the Mapbiomas project processes the data and provides a product with various classes of land use from 1985 to date. The degree of anthropization was verified using the Anthropogenic Transformation Index. Twelve classes of land use were identified in the Frutal stream basin: native forest, rural formation, forestry, flooded field, water bodies, pasture, agriculture, other non-vegetated areas, other temporary crops, citrus, mining and urbanized area. The results indicated a decrease in class percentages: 39.57% in pasture, 0.27% in flooded fields and 0.49% in other non-vegetated areas. On the other hand, the land use area increased by 8.10% in soybeans, 26.87% sugarcane, 1.95%, 6.4% urbanized area. Thus, this study highlighted a drastic change in the landscape, and through the Anthropogenic Transformation Index, an increase was observed from 5.87 to 6.88 between the years 1990 and 2020, indicating that the study area remained in the class degraded throughout the analyzed period.
Copyright (c) 2024 Beatriz Vasconcelos de Almeida, Rogerio Gonçalves Lacerda de Gouveia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analysis of the manufacturing process of cassava starch in Conceição dos Ouros – Minas Gerais
This work analyzes the manufacturing process of cassava starch in 4 medium and small companies in the city of Conceição dos Ouros, Minas Gerais, from the extraction of cassava starch to the final product. This productive activity, predominantly artisanal, plays an important economic and social role for the municipality. This research aimed to map the manufacturing process in order to identify the possible impacts of these process steps on the quality of the final product. Data were collected through technical visits, questionnaires and collection of starch samples on site. The production stages were analyzed, including the companies' infrastructure. The cassava starch samples were subjected to pH, titratable acidity and expansion tests. Through analysis of variance, it was found that there are differences between the average values found in the physical-chemical tests. It was observed that, although the industries evaluated have similar production practices, they present differences in infrastructure and methods, which may be the cause of the different properties found in the final product. Furthermore, there is no quality control and, therefore, they do not present a standardized finished product. Therefore, the need to improve tapioca manufacturing processes stands out, as well as the implementation of a minimum quality control that can guarantee the quality and standardization of the final product.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ana Carolina Alves Carvalho, Flavio Adriano Bastos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Uso do clorofilômetro como critério para quantificar a necessidade de nitrogênio no feijão-comum inoculado com Rhizobium tropici
A inoculação de sementes de feijão com Rhizobium tropici tem apresentado resultados inconsistentes quanto a sua eficiência em suprir nitrogênio (N) para as plantas. No campo, o produtor de feijão necessita dispor de um mecanismo ou ferramenta que lhe permita corrigir a deficiência de N caso seja observado necessidade do nutriente ou em caso em que a fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN) não foi capaz de suprir toda a demanda de N para o bom desenvolvimento da cultura, e assim evitar que a produtividade de grãos seja afetada. O objetivo do estudo foi a utilização prática do clorofilômetro portátil, por meio do Índice de Suficiência de Nitrogênio (ISN), na indicação da necessidade de nitrogênio em plantas inoculadas com rizóbio. Foram conduzidos cinco experimentos de campo para comparar, utilizando o ISN, plantas inoculadas com rizóbio com plantas inoculadas e que receberam nitrogênio em quantidade suficiente para não apresentar deficiência do nutriente (plantas Referência). Observou-se que, em quatro experimentos os valores do ISN, determinados na época de adubação de cobertura, das plantas inoculadas estavam inferiores a 95% das plantas Referência e assim houve necessidade de aplicação de N, nas quantidades variando de 33 a 99 kg ha-1 de N. A técnica de utilização do clorofilômetro, por meio da determinação do ISN, foi eficiente em detectar a necessidade ou não da aplicação de N em plantas inoculadas com Rhizobium tropici, para atingir as produtividades alcançadas por plantas que receberam altas doses de nitrogênio em cobertura.
Copyright (c) 2024 Pedro Marques da Silveira, Maria da Conceição Santana Carvalho, Augusto Cesar de Oliveira Gonzaga, Pedro Henrique Lopes Sarmento http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Water memory in seeds: a literature review
One of the main abiotic components responsible for the success of seed germination and seedling development is water. However, when soil water availability is low, discontinuous hydration occurs, even in rainy periods, which causes an interruption in the seed hydration process in the germ phase and, in some cases, water loss by the seed to the environment. A plant strategy to overcome this irregularity is the memorization of water by the plant. In this context, the present study aims to examine the relevant aspects of this event, focusing on its technological importance for seeds. The study comprises a literature review in which the specialized scientific knowledge is adequately related to the theme proposal and an analysis of the scientific information selected through national and international journals on platforms and electronic indexers. The process of water memory in seeds is due to water stress caused by discontinuous hydration cycles, resulting in molecular and genetic changes. The main advantages are an increased germination rate, higher drought and desiccation tolerance, a reduction in seed germination time, and greater maintenance vigor.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriel Victor Vieira Barbosa, Teresa Aparecida Soares de Freitas, Drauzio Correia Gama, Yuri Caires Ramos Ramos http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Perfil físico-químico de vinhos de mesa brancos elaborados na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense, safra 2022 – estudo de caso
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização do perfil físico-química de amostras de vinhos de mesa brancos, elaborados na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense, na safra 2022. Ao todo, foram coletadas doze amostras de vinhos de mesa brancos, provenientes dos municípios de Bela Vista do Toldo (1 amostra), Canoinhas (3 amostras), Irineópolis (1 amostra), Papanduva (2 amostras), Porto União (1 amostra), e São Bento do Sul (4 amostras). As análises foram realizadas no mês de agosto de 2022 no Laboratório de Fruticultura do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarinense, quantificando-se os seguintes parâmetros: densidade relativa, sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez total e coloração dos vinhos. Realizou-se uma análise descritiva dos dados obtidos, contendo média dos valores, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação (%) das amostras coletadas. Observou-se que apenas uma amostra não se caracterizou como vinho seco, em função da elevada densidade relativa. A acidez total médias das amostras avaliados foi de 100,4 meq L-1, densidade relativa média de 0,993, sólidos solúveis médio de 6,9 ºBrix, pH com valores médios de 3,39, e coloração médias das amostras de 0,163. Verificou-se que os valores observados estão em acordo com a legislação brasileira, e indicam potencial da região para a elaboração de vinhos de mesa brancos de qualidade.
Copyright (c) 2024 Caroline de Souza Wisniewski, Kelly Eduarda Demetrio, Rodrigo Palinguer, Eduardo Virmond Souza Farias, Otávio Frederico Tschoeke Steidel, Douglas Würz http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The Effect of application methods and chemical insecticides for the attack control of Hypsipyla grandella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on the Swietenia macrophylla King
Chemical control of the shoot borer (Hypsipyla grandella Zeller) on mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) forest plantations remains a major challenge. For this reason, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two application methods of three chemical insecticides plus the control on the response to insect attack, in a completely randomized design (2x4 factorial scheme). A total of 9 evaluations were carried out at intervals of 15 days between the months of May and September (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 days). The variables were standardized (z-function) and then transformed by the fourth root. The significant differences at error of 10% of the F test found at 30 and 45 days of the experiment could not be verified by the parametric tests because the transformations failed to bring the data closer to a standard normal distribution. Then the Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed to verify the differences between insecticides and control and the Mann-Whitney U test for the differences between application methods. The response of the relative number of attacked shoots per tree (rNAST) in the overall imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate groups differed from each other by post-hoc pairwise Dunn's correction with Holm's correction. By comparing the Wilcoxon rank sum in the fourth evaluation it was observed that the effect of emamectin benzoate microinjection on rNAST was smaller than that of the spraying method. In the same evaluation, imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate were differentiated from each other. The graphical analysis showed that in both evaluations the performance of imidacloprid was better than that of the other insecticides for the control of the mahogany shoot borer. The microinjection did not present significant effects; however, it has not impacted the growth of the trees measured by the increases in normal diameter, basal diameter, and total height.
Guilherme Amorim Homem de Abreu Loureiro
Copyright (c) 2024 Caleb Cruz García , David Cibrián Tovar , Antonio Villanueva Morales, Israel Aquino Bolaños, Víctor David Cibrián Llanderal, Guilherme Amorim Homem de Abreu Loureiro http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Water management of a solar-powered irrigation system. A case study in the Cavaco Valley in Benguela, Angola.
The uniformity of the emitters' discharge was evaluated in the different modalities of the planned operation. During the intermediate and final phases of crop development, the effectiveness of the treatments was determined. The system turned out to be highly uniform in its different operating modes and fertilization treatments. Moisture stored in the profile during the rainy season affected irrigation treatments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anaclides Rogério Mossande http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0