Influência do extrato de esterco de aves no crescimento e na produtividade do quiabo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30681/rcaa.v23i2.14088Palavras-chave:
resiliência climática, variedades de quiabo, agricultura sustentável, solos tropicaisResumo
O quiabo é importante por seu valor nutricional, significância econômica e adaptabilidade a diversos sistemas agrícolas. No entanto, a baixa fertilidade do solo em solos tropicais resulta em baixos rendimentos de quiabo, e o uso de esterco de aves levanta preocupações ambientais. Portanto, explorar o extrato de esterco de aves (EAP) pode ser uma prática sustentável para garantir um bom rendimento. O objetivo foi determinar a resposta do quiabo ao EAP. O experimento, conduzido em 2022 e 2023, utilizou um delineamento fatorial 2×6 envolvendo duas variedades de quiabo (NHAe47-4 e LD88) e seis tratamentos de fertilizantes [0 (Controle: T1), 840 L/ha (T2), 1680 L/ha (T3) e 2520 L/ha EAP (T4), 60 kg N/ha esterco de aves (T5) e 60 kg N/ha NPK 15:15:15 (T6)]. Foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis repetições e espaçamento de plantas de 50×30 cm. Os dados de crescimento e produtividade foram analisados por ANOVA. Os resultados indicaram que a cultivar NHAe47-4 apresentou altura, comprimento de vagem e produtividade de frutos significativamente menores, mas maior diâmetro do caule, número de folhas e área foliar, em comparação com a cultivar LD88. A aplicação do tratamento T4 aumentou significativamente o crescimento e a produtividade do quiabo em comparação aos níveis mais baixos e ao controle, embora T5 e T6 tenham sido melhores. Em 2022 e 2023, os pesos de brotos frescos foram maiores em NHAe47-4×T6 (5151,07 e 5080,56 kg/ha), e as produtividades de frutos em LD88×T6 (45408,34 e 45617,60 kg/ha), enquanto NHAe47-4×T4 teve 3554,17 e 3527,78 kg/ha, e LD88×T4 teve 27269,91 e 27327,78 kg/ha, respectivamente. Embora T6 e T5 otimizem os desempenhos vegetativo e reprodutivo do quiabo, a aplicação de 2520 L/ha de PME foi considerada uma alternativa ambientalmente correta para a produção sustentável de quiabo LD88.
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